Acid/Acidity:
Stuff that makes wine taste sharp. Also
contributes to the bouquet and brilliance. Can have too much or too
little. Acrid:
Describes a wine with overly
pronounced acidity. This is often apparent in cheap red wines.
Aeration:
The process of letting a wine "breathe".
Aftertaste:
The taste or flavors that linger in the mouth after
the wine is tasted, spit, or swallowed.
Age/Aged/Aging:
To let get older under controlled
conditions in order to improve flavor. All wine is aged from a
few weeks to many decades. Aging in barrels is a very slow
oxidation, and the barrels can impart flavors to the wine:
bottle aging allows the wines to soften and various components
within the wine to harmonize. After a certain point all wine
will decline in the bottle.
Alcohol:
The whole point. The part of wine that makes you
drunk. Why am I telling you this? You know all about alcohol, don't
you?
Aperitif:
Any wine drunk before eating, ostensibly to induce
appetite, but in fact as an excuse to start drinking early.
Appellation:
Defines the area where a wine's grapes were grown
such as Bordeaux or Burgundy.
Aroma:
Smell ( Next Question )
Attractive:
A lighter style, fresh , easy to drink wine.
Balance:
A tasting term, states whether the fruit, acid, wood
flavors etc. are in the right proportion.
Blending:
The art and science of mixing wines and/or spirits.
Blanc:
French word for white.
Body:
Hmmmmm...... Sort of the oomph a wine has. The flavor
( or perhaps the character ) per unit volume.
Bouquet:
See Aroma
Brandy:
A liqueur distilled from wine aged in wood.
Brut:
French word for dry.
Buttery:
Associated with some white wines, notably California
Chardonnays. It refers to both flavor and texture or "mouthfeel."
Carbonic Maceration:
Fermentation of whole, uncrushed grapes in a
carbon dioxide atmosphere.
Champagne:
Any lightish, whitish wine that is sparkling ( ie:fizzy
)
Cognac:
The finest of all Brandies aged in oak vats for a minimum
of 3 years.
Complexity:
A combination of richness, depth, flavor intensity
balance, finesse, and lots of other fancy words that let you know this is
a really good wine.
Cordials:
See Liqueurs
Crisp:
A tasting term, denotes a fresh, young, wine with
good acidity.
Decanting:
Slowly and carefully pouring the wine from the bottle.
Developed:
A tasting term referring to the maturity of a wine.
Dry:
Not sweet, in the same way that "cold" means not hot...
Earthy:
Describes a wine that tastes of the soil in which it was
grown. Red wines most often have this characteristic.
Extra-Dry:
Don't believe everything you read. What this really
denotes is a sweet Champagne.
Fermentation:
The process that turns the lowly grape into
wonderful wine.
Finish:
See Aftertaste
Flinty:
Used to describe the fragrance or taste of some white
wines, especially a White Bordeaux. If you can remember what flint
smells like when struck with steel, you'll have an idea of this
characteristic.
Fortified:
More alcohol !
Fruity:
Surprise ! Surprise ! Having the taste of fruit.
Green:
Tasting of un-ripe fruit. Not a bad thing really
especially in a Riesling.
Heady:
Used to describe the smell of a wine high in alcohol.
Herbaceous:
The taste and smell of herbs in a wine.
Late harvest:
Wines made from grapes that were allowed to hang on
the vine until their sugar content was very high, thus the
wine is sweet.
Lees:
Sediment remaining in a barrel during and after
fermentation.
Legs:
The droplets that form and ease down the sides of a glass
when the wine is swirled.
Liqueurs:
Sweet flavored alcoholic beverage distilled from
rum, brandy, or whisky.
Maceration:
During fermentation, the steeping of the grape
skins and solids in the wine, to extract color and aroma from the skins.
Malolactic Fermenation:
A secondary fermentation process ,which
occurs naturally in most wines.
Mature:
Ready to drink.
Methode Champenoise:
The method by which real Champagne gets its
bubbles.
Mouthfeel:
How a wine feels in your mouth and against the tongue.
Noble Rot:
The beneficial mold on grapes that causes the grapes to
shrivel, concentrating the sugars and flavours.
Neutral:
Generally used to describe a wine without any
outstanding characteristics, but with no particular bad ones, either.
Nose:
Smell again !
Nouveau:
New, okay bottled as soon as possible.
Oaky:
Aroma & Taste of Oak
Palate:
The feel and taste of wine in the mouth.
Potent:
Strong, Intense, Powerful ( Got It ? )
Round:
Describes a wine that has a good balance of fruit and
tannins, with good body as well.
Short:
Term for a wine which does not remain on the palate
after swallowing - see 'finish.'
Simple:
Used to describe a wine that has few characteristics
which follow the initial impression. Not necessarily a disparaging term,
it's often used to describe inexpensive, young wine.
Smoky:
Term used to describe a subtle wood-smoke aroma and
also some wines that seem to pick up a smoky aroma from the
earth in which they are grown.
Soft:
Term to describe a wine with low acid and gentle tannins.
Spicy:
Term to describe flavors that are spicy. Now that wasn't
too hard to figure out was it.
Supple:
Describes a wine with well-balanced tannins and fruit
characteristics.
Tannin:
Adds dryness and astringency. Handy if you know what
astringency means.
Toasty:
Often used to describe a white wine with a nice hint of
the wooden barrel in which the wine was stored. Sweeter wines are
rarely described this way.
Vintner:
Wine Merchant